Самодельный спидометр на авто. Самодельный цифровой спидометр для автомобиля: пошаговая инструкция

Скрутка пробега самому. Простой способ накрутить электронный спидометр

Пробег автомобиля – это один из основных показателей, по которому определяют необходимость проведения технического обслуживания автомобильных систем. Пройденные километры имеют значение при продаже подержанного автомобиля. Километраж показывает одометр, который находится на панели приборов вместе со спидометром. У водителей по разным причинам возникает необходимость в скручивании пробега. Для этого используется крутилка спидометра. В статье рассматриваются виды спидометров и приборы их подкрутки.

Разновидности спидометров

Спидометр – это прибор, показывающий, с какой скоростью движется автомобиль. Одометр – устройство, измеряющее пройденный километраж. Оба счетчика находятся на щитке приборов.

Существуют следующие виды спидометров:

1. Механические. Это первые приборы, которые стали устанавливать на машины. В их основе используется механический привод. С помощью небольшого троса обороты коробки передач передаются на счетчик, колесики крутятся, и показатели скорости отражаются на панели. По количеству оборотов на одометре отражается километраж.
2. Хронометрические. В них объединены одометр и часовое устройство.
3. Центробежные. Прибор основан на центробежной силе. Она действует на плечо измерителя, смещая его на некоторое расстояние. Регулятор вращается со шпинделем, поэтому расстояние, на которое смещено плечо, равно скорости движения.
4. Вибрационный. Его применяют с быстровращающимися механизмами. На градуированные язычки оказывает механическое действие рама или подшипники. Частота вибраций зависит от количества оборотов автомобиля.
5. Индукционный. В его конструкцию входит диск из меди или алюминия, система постоянных магнитов, шпиндель. Диск непосредственно присоединен к стрелке, показывающей скорость.
6. Электромеханические. Они являются усовершенствованной версией механического прибора. Их конструкция дополнена специальным контролером скорости. Он передает сигналы на электродвигатель, который вращает ротор. Этим приборы отличаются между собой, в остальном они похожи.
7. Электронные. Счетчик производит замеры количества оборотов непосредственно колеса. Прибор анализирует длину окружности колеса, на основании полученных данных и количества оборотов, которые сделали колеса, вычисляется количество пройденных километров. Полученная информация отражается на ЖК мониторе.
8. Спидометры, которые определяют скорость с использованием системы навигации GPS.

Механические спидометры постепенно вытесняются электронными аналогами. На современных транспортных средствах чаще всего устанавливаются спидометры электронного типа. Механические приборы встречаются на автотранспорте старого образца.

Фотогалерея

1. Устройство механического типа 2. Электронный тип спидометра

Инструкция по подмотке одометра своими руками

Причины, по которым водители хотят сделать корректировку спидометра, могут быть разные. Тех, кто хочет продать авто по более выгодной цене, интересует, как отмотать спидометр назад. Знания о том, как намотать счетчик, интересны тем водителям, кто делает махинации с горючим. Намотка дает возможность показать больший пробег, списать больший объем топлива, чем было израсходовано. Разницу водитель забирает себе. Естественно, в этом случае свидетели не нужны, поэтому нужно уметь делать подмотку одометра своими силами (автор видео — Канатбек Куатбеков).

Необходимость в калибровке спидометра может возникнуть, если демонтировалась панель приборов. В этом случае необходима коррекция для выравнивания условий эксплуатации. Подмотку спидометра делают при использовании дисков, диаметром, не соответствующих рекомендациям производителя. Если диаметр отличается от рекомендованного, то в расчетах одометра может наблюдаться ошибка, поэтому требуется коррекция показаний счетчика.

Механического типа

Подмотка спидометра, в основе работы которого лежит исключительно механика, очень проста. Отмотать счетчик в этом случае можно двумя способами. Самый простой – это отсоединить трос от датчика скорости конец, прикрепленный к коробке, присоединить его к дрели и включить ее в реверсивном режиме.

Благодаря быстрому вращению дрель за короткое время можно прилично отмотать спидометр. Во втором способе придется демонтировать и разобрать панель приборов. После демонтажа вынимается одометр, на котором выставляется необходимый километраж. Эти методы подходят для большинства отечественного автотранспорта.

Электромеханического прибора

Электромеханические спидометры, как и механические аналоги, установлены на старых моделях авто. Но подмотку на них выполнить сложнее, чем на счетчиках механического типа. Намотка и отмотка отличаются и требуют разных подходов. Для уменьшения пробега на электромеханическом приборе обязательно потребуется демонтаж и разборка приборного щитка. Для отмотки показаний счетчик нужно снять и вручную отрегулировать числа.

Процедуру увеличения пробега можно выполнить только с использованием генератора. Он формирует сигналы, поступающие на вход управления. В зависимости от количества импульсов корректируются показания прибора (автор видео — max gladkiy).

Эле

90000 electronic speedometers 90001 90002 90003 90004 90002 Electronic speedometers are also sometimes referred to as programmable speedometers, the terms are not interchangeable however. Electronic speedometers have been in use by car, vehicle, boat, military and just about anything that moves for about 40 years now. 90004 90002 90008 What is an electronic speedometer and why would I need one? 90009 90004 90002 Electronic speedometers accept an input from some sort of signal source- more on this subject in a bit.This signal source is generally a speed sender (sometimes called a pulse generator or electronic speedometer pickup) located in the transmission, the vehicle’s PCM (power train control module, ECM, computer) or a GPS sender (which can be mounted in the vehicle or the gauge itself). Old style mechanical speedometers used a cable directly connected to the tail shaft on the transmission, transfer case or even a wheel hub. While these are still in use today in the aftermarket, the trend has been going electronic for quite some time.The benefit of electronic speedometers is they can be custom tailored to the individual vehicle by setting DIP-switches, programming via the LCD or hard programmed at the factory. 90012 90004 90002 The reason for the increase in use for the aftermarket community is due to several factors: 90004 90002 1. Many if not most of the components for building today’s enthusiast built vehicles are newer, many donor vehicles are form the 80s and 90s when the OEs started using electronic speed senders to monitor vehicle speed for cruise control, emissions, etc.90004 90002 2. With the wide range of vehicle types being built today (pro-touring, tuner, race, off-road / Jeep) the need for a speedometer with a wider range of operation was required. Also this wide variety of vehicles being built by today’s builders leads to a wider range of maximum speeds. A vehicle that spends some time on the track may want a maximum speedo of 140, 160 or even 200 MPH, while a lifted truck or rock crawler will want more resolution with a maximum of 80, 100 120 or 140MPH.90004 90002 3. The international market has really opened up and calibration of the speedometer is critical in proper speed reading of metric (km / h, KPH) speeds. Here at NVU we can load a metric speedometer program creating a suitable product for use overseas without needing to change magnetic wheels or odometer gears on a mechanical unit. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90008 What is the difference between an electronic speedometer and a programmable speedometer? 90009 90004 90002 An electrical speedometer reads pulses (signal) from the signal source.This is read by a processor which drives the pointer (not a needle) and odometer to do the right things. The electronic speedometer is either permanently programmed to read a specific number of pulses per mile (or kilometer) and read a certain speed; or it may have an external switch, or DIP-switches, that can be altered to change the vehicle speed reading on the dial. While this works well if you know the exact number of pluses coming from the sender, some trial and error may be required. The difficulty in this is with so many types of senders being spun by different sized tires, rear end gears, final drive, etc, it is nearly impossible sometimes to know where to start.Electronic speedometers read pulses per mile (PPM) and the range can vary from 3000-200,000 per mile, quite a gap to fill. 90004 90002 A programmable electronic speedometer operates in a similar way but has the added feature of user-directed programming. All NVU electronic speedometers are fully programmable. The speedometer can be programmed to the proper sender input by driving a mile or by entering the pulse count manually. The drive-a mile technique is the preferred method as this will give the most accurate result provided the mile is indeed a mile.This method will also be completed in the time it takes to drive a mile, about a minute or two! Other features can be programmed into NVU electronic programmable speedometers; service intervals, speed warnings, integrated tripmeters can all be set by the push of a button. If any electronic speedometer adjustment is required, the drive a mile function can be re-calibrated again or at any time there is a change to the vehicle like gears or tire size. Its just that easy. All NVU electronic speedometers used in aftermarket kits have these features.90012 90004 90002 Below are some videos on how some of the NVU programmable speedometers are calibrated, or how to do electronic speedometer calibration: 90012 90004 90002 90037 90038 90039 90038 90041 90038 90004 90002 90008 What is a GPS Speedometer? 90009 90004 90002 A GPS speedometer is basically an electronic speedometer with a GPS sender inside the gauge. Any NVU programmable speedometer can be a GPS speedometer by using a GPS speed sender. While NVU does manufacture GPS speedometers for open vehicles such as boats or motorcycles.We have also found that mounting the speedometer in some vehicles will not yield good results due to metal dash, roof, cages, etc. This is due to the sender needing to be able to see at least 3 Global position satellites at all times. The integrated sender works fine but with the wide range of builds being done today, the arrangement of metals around the vehicle is not predictable and therefore NVU does not produce a speedometer with integrated GPS for that reason alone. To have a better result, NVU recommends using a GPS SPEED SENDER.This can remotely mount ANYWHERE and then have a clear signal. The downside to GPS senders is a brief lag at startup and if you are in a tunnel, well you are on your own. The only reason to use a GPS speedometer or sender is if there is absolutely no other way to pick up a speed signal. Viper transmissions do not have a speed sender in them, but other than that, 99.9% of transmissions have some sort of sender or the PCM will output a signal. 90012 90004 90002 90008 Analog speedometer vs Digital 90009 90004 90002 An electronic analog speedometer uses a pointer and gauge dial to display vehicle speed where a digital uses digits displayed on a screen.Digital speedometers are always electronic but analog and be electronic or mechanical. Digital refers to the display, not the ability to read electronically. At NVU we only use analog style as we strive to provide the most stunning, easy to read designs available in a classic style; something that just can not be accomplished with the digital. The odometers are always digital, they may be a roller wheel or LCD but they are always digital. 90004 90002 90008 Electronic speedometer wiring diagram 90012 90009 90004 90002 This sounds complicated but its really quite easy.All gauges require 4 things to be connected: Power, Ground, Lights and signal. That really is it. There may be additional wiring for other features like programming button, warning outputs, etc, but let’s keep this simple as it really comes down to those 4 wires. See the image below for a basic wiring diagram. The momentary switch on the upper right is a button that is included in all NVU electronic speedometers. This button is remotely mounted to prevent having it on the dial, this not only frees up graphic space, but also allows us to not have a hole in the glass lens keeping all NVU speedometers waterproof from the front.90012 90004 90002 90066 90004 90002 90008 Speed ​​sender and signal sources 90009 90004 90002 Whether you need an electronic speedometer for a car, truck, motorcycle, boat, van, UTV, ATV or a tank, the installation is the same. The gauge needs power, ground, and a signal source. The signal source is generally known as a speed sender. This is also referred to as pulse generator, electronic speedometer pickup, GPS sender but the installation is always the same. One signal wire leads from the sender to the gauge and that’s it, believe it or not its that easy.There are 2 basic types of speed signals, Hall effect and AC sine-wave. If you really want to learn more than you will ever need about speed senders take a look at this LINK. 90012 90004 90002 90008 Hall Effect speedometer signal sender and sensor (3-wire) 90009 90004 90002 Hall effect senders are named as such for the type of signal they produce, a hall effect signal. This sender requires power and ground to operate. The benefit of this sender is it can be accurate at very low speeds as it has a power source.It is generally identified by having 3 connections: Power, ground (sometimes through the body and the signal output). See images below for more. 90004 90002 90008 AC sinewave speed sender 90009 90004 90002 This type of sender, while more widely used in the 90s and early 2000’s is simple and reliable. It generates its own power and sends an AC sine-wave signal to the speedometer by teeth spinning past a coil with 2 wires. The sender requires one wire to be grounded and the other is the signal.The wires can be reversed and the same result will work just fine due to the fact that the sender waveform is a simple sine-wave. The downside is that due to the sender generating its own power by the speed of the relustor wheel (teeth) it can often lead to a weak signal at low speeds. this is often seen when a speedometer will not operate until a certain speed, say 25-30 MPH. NVU electronic programmable speedometers have built-in sensitivity settings that can be changed to suit your signal strength.ONLY NVU speedometers have this capability removing the need for converters, boxes or additional equipment. One other disadvantage to this type of sender is the signal can not be split to send pluses to multiple devices such as speedometer and cruise control. 90012 90004 90002 90089 90090 90012 90004 90002 90008 PCM, ECU, Computer speed signal 90009 90004 90002 Sounds complicated but this actually makes things easier. The speed signal is already being picked up from the source ans being sent to the PCM (Powertrain Control Module).The PCM then uses it as it needs and outputs a signal. The most commonly used for builds are PCMs for GM engines. Regardless if its an LS, LT, diesel 4, 6, or 8 cylinder GM PCMs always have 2 outputs (unless flashed by an aftermarket company): 90004 90002 1. The speed signal is a 4,000 PPM output. You will still have to do your drive a mile as the vehicles may have had different gears / tire sizes, but 4000 will get you close. 90004 90002 2. Not related to speed; GM PCMs regardless of engine size or type output a 4 cylinder open collector tachometer signal.This means you need to use a 10-K ohm pull-up resistor and set your tachometer to 4 cylinder. 90004 90002 90008 Where are these speed senders and what do they look like? 90009 90004 90002 As stated previously, there are generally 2 types of speed signals, AC sine-wave and Hall Effect. While there are only 2 types, they can be in different shapes and locations. See the images below to help identify the parts. 90012 90004 90002 90008 Screw-on speed senders: 90009 These are used in older transmissions which have a cable drive for spinning a mechanical speedometer.These units replace the cable entirely and are relatively inexpensive. A gear in the transmission engages the drive tang on the sender (generally .104 «x.104») and spins the sender to create a signal. Why not just use a mechanical cable style? Calibration is the answer. To calibrate a cable-style speedometer the gear drive in the transmission must be changed. While not difficult, it does take time and trial and error. GM and Ford style are most common, VW are available from time to time. These can either be hall effect (3-wire) or AC sine-wave (2-wire).NVU manufactures these units for use in aftermarket vehicles that may need this type of drive. 90004 90002 90008 Integrated: 90009 This bolts onto the transmission or pickup area over a toothed wheel often referred to as a reluctor ring or wheel. This type is installed at the factory and if it requires replacement it will need the factory part. These can either be hall effect or AC sine-wave. 90004 90002 90008 PCMs, ECUs, Computers: 90009 Just to touch on the previous information the PCM (powertrain Control Module) reads input from a speed sender, usually existing in the vehicle system.Consult your PCM documentation for connecting to the correct VSS (Vehicle Speed ​​Sender) wire or pin. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90125 90004 90002 How to test an electronic speedometer 90004 90002 While we do have an extensive online troubleshooting guide for NVU speedometers, you can use the guide for any gauge, theory is the same whether its an OE or aftermarket gauge: 90004 90002 90008 NVU ONLINE TROUBLESHOOTING LINK 90009 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 .90000 The Future of Speedometer Design 90001 90002 One of the big disadvantages of an instrument cluster is its location. A driver must look down to see the dials, which means his eyes are off the road for at least one second. In that one second, the car travels about 46 feet if it’s moving at 30 miles per hour. 90003 90002 Siemens VDO is addressing this issue with a head-up display that is projected onto the windshield by mirrors. To the driver, the display appears to float above the engine hood, about six feet away.Vehicle speed will be one of the key elements of the display, but it can contain any element found in a normal instrument cluster. It can also integrate orientation aids that use images from infrared cameras to detect and display an outline of the road ahead. For a technology that dates back almost 100 years, that’s a significant change for the better. 90003 90002 For more information on speedometers, cars and related topics, check out the links below. 90003 90002 90003 90010 Related HowStuffWorks Articles 90011 90010 More Great Links 90011 90002 Sources 90003 90016 90017 «100 Years of Speedometers — The History of Driver Information,» November 7, 2002.Found online at: http://www.siemensvdo.com/press/releases/interior/2002/SV-200211-009-e.htm. 90018 90017 «Automating Speedometer Calibration,» by Ganesh Devaraj, S.B. Rajnarayanan, A. Senthilnathan and S.R. Anand. 90020 Evaluation Engineering 90021. Found online at http://www.evaluationengineering.com/archive/articles/1100auto.htm. 90018 90017 Encyclopedia Britannica 2005, s.v. «Eddy current.» CD-ROM, 2005. 90018 90017 Encyclopedia Britannica 2005, s.v. «Flexible shaft.» CD-ROM, 2005. 90018 90017 Encyclopedia Britannica 2005, s.v. «Tachometer.» CD-ROM, 2005. 90018 90017 Erjavec, Jack. «Automotive Technology: A Systems Approach.» New York: Thomson Delmar Learning. 2005. 90018 90017 «From speedometers to modern instrument clusters,» by Gerhard Wesner. Automotive Engineering International, January 2005. PDF download at www.sae.org/automag/features/futurelook/02-2005/1-113-2-89.pdf 90018 90017 Inner Auto Parts Web Site: http: //www.innerauto .com / Automotive_Systems / Drive_Train / Speedometer ~ odometer / http: // www.innerauto.com/Automotive_Systems/Drive_Train/Speedometer_Cable/ 90018 90017 Miata.net Tire Size Calculator http://www.miata.net/garage/tirecalc.html 90018 90017 The National Watch and Clock Museum http://www.nawcc.org /museum/museum.htm 90018 90017 Siemens VDO Automotive Web Site http://www.siemensvdo.com 90018 90041 .90000 Speedometer | vehicle instrument | Britannica 90001 90002 90003 Speedometer 90004, instrument that indicates the speed of a vehicle, usually combined with a device known as an odometer that records the distance traveled. 90005 90006 90007 90003 speedometer 90004 Speedometer gauge in a car. 90010 DonQuichot 90011 90012 90007 A speedometer. 90010 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 90011 90012 90017 90002 Britannica Quiz 90005 90002 Gadgets and Technology: Fact or Fiction? 90005 90002 The computer keyboard is an ancient device.90005 90002 The speed-indicating mechanism of the speedometer is actuated by a circular permanent magnet that is rotated 1,000 revolutions per mile of vehicle travel by a flexible shaft driven by gears at the rear of the transmission. The magnet turns within a movable metal cup made of a light nonmagnetic metal that is attached to the shaft carrying the indicating pointer; the magnetic circuit is completed by a circular stationary field plate surrounding the movable cup.As the magnet rotates it exerts a magnetic drag on the movable cup that tends to turn it against the restraint of a spiral spring. The faster the magnet rotates, the greater is the pull on the cup and the pointer. The speed-indicating dial is graduated in either miles per hour or kilometres per hour or, in certain models, both. 90005 90002 In certain vehicles the speedometer is augmented by a device that can be coupled to the throttle of the engine so as to maintain the vehicle at a selected speed.90005 90002 The odometer registers the distance traveled by the vehicle; it consists of a train of gears (with a gear ratio of 1,000: 1) that causes a drum, graduated in 10ths of a mile or kilometre, to make one turn per mile or kilometre. A series, commonly of six, such drums is arranged in such a way that one of the numerals on each drum is visible in a rectangular window. The drums are coupled so that 10 revolutions of the first cause 1 revolution of the second, and so forth; the numbers appearing in the window represent the vehicle’s accumulated mileage.90005 An odometer. 90010 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 90011 Get exclusive access to content from our тисяча сімсот шістьдесят вісім First Edition with your subscription. Subscribe today .